In recent years, U.S. trade policy has undergone significant changes, particularly in tariff strategy. Under the Trump administration, the focus shifted to protectionism and restoring domestic production, leading to increased tariffs not only on Chinese goods but also on products from key trading partners, including Canada. The Biden administration changed the rhetoric, but tariffs remain a tool of pressure. Canada, as one of the U.S.'s key economic partners, is now at the center of this policy. Reasons for increased tariff pressure are multifaceted. First, there is a trade imbalance between the two countries: despite close economic ties, the U.S. points to unequal access to the Canadian market, especially in agriculture, energy, and the lumber industry. In particular, U.S. dairy producers express dissatisfaction with Canadian quotas limiting exports. Second, issues of subsidies and environmental standards are increasingly relevant. The U.S. accuses Canada of unfairly supporting domestic lumber producers, violating fair competition principles. Disagreements over carbon taxes and climate commitments also impact trade relations. Although less aggressive in rhetoric, the Biden administration continues to use tariff tools to protect U.S. interests. In 2024, possible new tariffs on Canadian steel and aluminum were discussed, justified as necessary for national security. This raised concern in Ottawa, where such measures are viewed as politically motivated and harmful to the integration of the two economies. Canada, in turn, shows readiness to respond and promotes WTO reform to eliminate unjustified tariff barriers. It's also strengthening trade with the EU and Asia-Pacific countries. Experts warn that escalating tariff disputes could disrupt integrated production chains, especially in automotive and energy sectors, raising costs and hurting logistics. Tensions also undermine investor confidence and may slow growth. Thus, Canada is indeed becoming a new target in U.S. tariff policy, pointing to the need for diplomatic solutions and economic cooperation. Sources: 1. Government of Canada – Trade and investment policy 2. Office of the United States Trade Representative – Canada Relations 3. World Trade Organization (WTO) Reports 4. Bloomberg – US-Canada Trade Disputes 5. The Economist – North American Trade Tensions